The individuality of
running leads to confusion, as to what constitutes effective running technique,
how to prevent injury, and how to increase speed or distance.
Regardless of your
running technique there are specific key actions everyone must execute in order
to have a successful run.
MUSCLES
Bones are moved at
joints by the contraction and relaxation of muscles attached to them.
You have over 600
muscles in your body and these make up approximately 40% of your weight.
You use these muscles to
move, breathe and even stand still.
The muscles you use to
control your movements consist of bundles of long, thin cells called muscle
fibres.
Each bundle of fibres is
held together by a tough sheath. A similar sheath round the outside holds the
whole muscle together.
Muscles are attached by
the tendons to bones on either side of a joint.
Most muscles only work
across one joint of the body. Some muscles work across two joints, such as the
hamstrings, which work across the hip and knee joints.
Movement is caused by
muscles pulling on a bone.
Muscles can only pull,
they cannot push. This is why most of your muscles are arranged in opposing
pairs.
When one muscles tenses
and contracts, its partner relaxes and stretches to allow movement.
If both muscles groups
contract at the same time and with equal force the joint is fixed and there is
no movement.
Forexample; elbow joint
(muscles in upper arm)
Movement is rarely
produced as a result of the contraction of just one muscle.
Training programmes
should always provide a balance development of a muscle and its opposing
muscle.
There should also be a
balanced development of the muscles on the right and left inside of the body.
Training which results
in an unbalanced development of one muscle or group of muscles over its
opposition generally leads to injury of the weaker muscles or makes the risk of
injury much greater.
Diagram: Skeletal Muscles
Best Regards
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